This short tutorial describes the steps to optimize the performance of a MySQL database with the mysqltuner script. This tool can be used for MySQL and MariaDB. Install mysqltuner The mysqltuner High-Performance MySQL Tuning Script is available as a package on Debian 10 and Ubuntu 20.04, install it with at: sudo apt install mysqltuner For …
This short guide shows you how to get a list of all installed Packages on Debian Linux. Packages on Debian get installed with the apt package installer. We will use the dpkg command, which is part of the apt toolset, to query the installed packages database. Get all installed Debian packages dpkg –get-selections As you …
Jailkit is an easy-to-use tool to create and maintain jail environments for shell users on Linux. In this guide, I will show you how to move PHP and its dependencies into the jail so that the jailed user can execute PHP scripts inside the jail on an ISPConfig server. Edit the jailkit .ini file and …
How to add PHP support for jailed SSH users in ISPConfig 3 Read More »
The bash history is a log file that contains all commands that the user executed on the Linux shell. When you use the “arrow up” key on our keyboard, then Bash will look up the previous command from that file and display it on the screen, ready to be executed again. Bash history file location The …
It is important to keep your Linux server up to date with security updates. Linux distributions like Ubuntu and Debian release updates on a daily basis, so keeping the system up-to-date can become a tedious task. Fortunately, there is an option to install security updates automatically. Here are the steps to enable automatic security updates …
This tutorial shows you how to use redirect rules in the Apache web server. If you want to redirect a subdomain like sub.domain.tld into a subdirectory of the website and keep the original URL in the browser location bar, you may use the following apache directive. RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^sub.domain.tld [NC] RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ /sub/$1 …
Redirect a subdomain in Apache and keep the URL in the address bar Read More »
There is no simple ‘tolower’ command on the bash, but you can convert uppercase characters to lowercase with a little shell script. The script uses the tr command internally for converting the chars. Create a shell script with the name ‘tolower’ that converts all text that is given as a command-line argument to lower case: …
How to convert filenames or text to lowercase on the Linux command line Read More »
If you experience problems with slow logins in pure-ftpd, this is often caused by a problem with the resolving of the client’s hostname. This happens e.g. when you run an FTP server in your intranet and the hostname of the client computer does not exist in DNS. Disable PureFTPD name resolver To disable name resolving …
This short tutorial shows you 5 commands to get details about the system hardware of your PC, Notebook, or Server on Ubuntu and Debian. CPU details on Linux To get detailed information on the CPU, use this command: cat /proc/cpuinfo The output will look similar to this: cat /proc/cpuinfo processor : 0 vendor_id : AuthenticAMD …
Get detailed information about server hardware and partitions on Ubuntu Read More »
Fail2ban uses iptables by default to block incoming connections when they exceed the max. login retries. The iptables rules used by fail2ban might conflict with other firewall rules, so it might be necessary to reconfigure fail2ban to use the route command for blocking incoming connections. Fail2ban ban using route command To reconfigure fail2ban for using …
Configure fail2ban to use route instead of iptables to block connections Read More »
